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My knowledge of forest ecosystems is limited to fire-adapted coniferous ecotypes. I spend most of my working time in frequent, low--severity regime forests (mostly P. ponderosa with some P. menziesii). But, I also work in mixed-severity regime forests (L. occidentalis, et.al). Most of our forests have been degraded to novel ecosystems and heavily impacted by peeploids. But, it's what we have and it has its own beauty. Here's a glimpse of the mighty Columbia river north of Kettle Falls, Wa.